thermoplastic polyurethane

Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) yog ib qho thermoplastic elastomer ua tau zoo heev nrog ob yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm roj hmab elasticity thiab yas processability. Thawj zaug tsim tawm xyoo 1937, TPU tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv polymer loj hlob sai tshaj plaws thiab ntau yam hauv cov teb kev lag luam niaj hnub no. Tsis zoo li cov thermoset polyurethane ib txwm muaj uas tsis tuaj yeem rov ua dua tom qab kho, TPU muaj qhov rov ua dua thermal plasticity: nws mos thiab ua moldable thaum cua sov, thiab tawv mus rau hauv lub xeev khov kho thaum txias, ua rau rov ua dua thiab rov ua dua yam tsis muaj kev poob ntawm cov qauv thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Chemically, TPU yog ib qho segmented block copolymer synthesized los ntawm polyaddition reaction ntawm diisocyanates, long-saw polyols (polyether lossis polyester), thiab me me-molecule saw extenders. Nws cov qauv molecular muaj alternating hard segments thiab mos segments, uas muab TPU nrog kev ua tau zoo thiab hloov kho tau uas sib txawv nws los ntawm lwm cov elastomers.

Qhov kev ua tau zoo tshwj xeeb ntawm TPU yog los ntawm nws cov qauv sib cais microphase uas tsim los ntawm cov ntu tawv thiab mos. Cov ntu tawv, uas muaj cov pab pawg urethane, tsim cov ntsiab lus sib txuas ntawm lub cev los ntawm kev sib txuas hydrogen intermolecular, muab TPU nrog lub zog tensile siab, kev ruaj khov, kev tiv thaiv hnav thiab kev tiv thaiv kub. Cov ntu mos, feem ntau yog ua los ntawm polyether lossis polyester ntev saw, muab cov khoom siv nrog kev ywj pheej zoo heev, elasticity, kev tiv thaiv kub qis thiab kev tawv. Qhov piv ntawm cov ntu tawv thiab mos tuaj yeem hloov kho tau yooj yim thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, tso cai rau cov chaw tsim khoom los kho cov khoom TPU nrog cov tawv sib txawv, elasticity thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab kom hloov kho rau ntau yam kev thov kev lag luam. Raws li cov hom ntu mos, TPU lag luam feem ntau muab faib ua polyester TPU, polyether TPU thiab sib xyaw TPU, txhua tus muaj cov xwm txheej thov.

Kev Zoo Nkauj thiab Cov Khoom Siv Kho Tshuab: TPU muaj kev ywj pheej zoo, lub zog tensile thiab tearing zoo heev, thiab muaj zog compression tiv taus. Nws tuaj yeem tiv taus kev khoov thiab ncab ntau zaus yam tsis muaj kev hloov pauv tas mus li, zoo dua li cov roj hmab thiab cov yas ib txwm muaj. - Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Hnav thiab Khawb Zoo Tshaj Plaws: Nrog rau ib qho ntawm cov kev tiv thaiv kev hnav zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov elastomers feem ntau, TPU siv dav hauv cov khoom siv tiv thaiv kev hnav uas xav tau kev pabcuam ntev. - Kev Ruaj Ntseg Tshuaj Zoo: Nws qhia tau tias muaj zog tiv taus roj, dej, dilute acid, dilute alkali thiab feem ntau cov kuab tshuaj organic, tswj kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov hauv cov chaw muaj tshuaj lom neeg nyuaj. - Kev Hloov Kho Ib puag ncig Zoo heev: Polyether TPU muaj kev tiv thaiv hydrolysis zoo heev thiab kev tawv nqaij qis, thaum polyester TPU muaj kev tiv thaiv roj zoo dua thiab kev ruaj ntseg kho tshuab. Txhua cov ntaub ntawv TPU muaj kev tiv thaiv huab cua zoo, tiv taus kev laus los ntawm cov teeb ultraviolet thiab kev hloov pauv kub. - Kev Ua Haujlwm Zoo thiab Kev Rov Siv Dua: Nws txhawb nqa cov thev naus laus zis thermoplastic ib txwm muaj xws li kev txhaj tshuaj molding, extrusion, tshuab molding thiab calendering. Cov ntaub ntawv TPU pov tseg tuaj yeem yaj thiab rov ua dua, ua raws li cov tswv yim tsim khoom ntsuab thiab ruaj khov.

Polyester TPU: Muaj lub zog siab, tiv taus roj, tiv taus hnav thiab tiv taus laus. Nws siv dav hauv cov khoom siv hauv kev lag luam, cov khoom siv khau, cov khoom sib khi thiab cov khoom siv elastic. - Polyether TPU: Muaj lub zog hydrolysis zoo heev, yooj ywm hauv qhov kub tsawg, tiv taus kab mob thiab pwm, thiab qhov ceev tsawg. Nws zoo tagnrho rau cov khoom siv dej ib puag ncig, cov khoom siv kho mob, cov kav dej yooj ywm thiab cov khoom siv sab nraum zoov. - TPU Ua Haujlwm Tshwj Xeeb: Xws li TPU uas tsis kub hnyiab, TPU conductive, TPU uas tiv taus kub siab thiab TPU bio-based. Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, TPU bio-based ua los ntawm cov khoom siv raw rov ua dua tshiab tau tsim kho sai, dhau los ua lwm txoj hauv kev ruaj khov rau TPU fossil ib txwm muaj.

Ua tsaug rau nws cov kev ua tau zoo uas hloov kho tau thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo, TPU tau nkag mus rau ntau yam lag luam. Hauv kev lag luam khoom siv, nws yog siv rau hauv cov khau kis las, cov thawv tiv thaiv, cov siv sia thiab cov khoom ua si. Hauv kev tsim khoom lag luam, nws ua haujlwm ua cov siv sia uas tsis yooj yim hnav, cov yeeb nkab hydraulic, cov gasket sealing thiab cov khoom siv damping. Hauv kev lag luam tsheb, TPU yog siv rau cov khoom sab hauv tsheb, cov khoom tiv thaiv dej thiab nqus tau, thiab cov txheej tiv thaiv sab nraud. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog siv dav hauv cov khoom siv kho mob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv aerospace thiab kev lag luam hluav taws xob tshiab.

Nrog kev nce qib ntawm cov cai tiv thaiv ib puag ncig ntsuab thiab kev txhim kho kev lag luam, kev lag luam TPU tab tom txav mus rau kev ua tau zoo, kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ruaj khov. Kev tshawb fawb thiab kev siv cov bio-based TPU, TPU uas lwj tau thiab cov thev naus laus zis tsim khoom qis-carbon tau dhau los ua cov lus qhia tseem ceeb. Lub caij no, hloov kho TPU nrog kev tiv thaiv hluav taws kub siab, kev tiv taus kub siab thiab kev tawv kub qis heev tau tsim kho tas li kom ua tau raws li cov kev cai nruj ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom siab xws li tsheb fais fab tshiab thiab aerospace.